Investigating the functional effectiveness of residential complexes open space on residents' attachment (Case study: Municipal District No.6, Shiraz City)

Introduction: Place attachment is the intersection of physical elements, activities, and mental concepts concerning place, formed from the environmental characteristics and individuals' mental patterns and evaluation. Based on the available resources, it seems that improving the functional efficiency of residential open spaces can help to improve the level of people's attachment. Methodology: The present research is applied in terms of purpose, descriptive in terms of nature and method, and documentary in terms of the data collection method. A 30-question questionnaire was designed and, after the pilot study, distributed among 393 residents of Shiraz district six residential complexes. The results were analyzed by SPSS24 software. Cronbach's alpha and validity and reliability test of the proposed structure with coefficients presented at specified intervals show that the research instrument has acceptable reliability. Results: The results show that there is a relationship between open space functional efficiency and place attachment, that activity and communication are the most critical factors affecting place attachment; Comfort is in the Second level, and the context and perception of the environment are in the next ranks. Regarding the direct relationship between the attachment variable and the components of residential outdoor functional efficiency, the effect of each component was evaluated by regression test. The result shows that all independent research variables have direct and indirect simultaneous effects on the dependent variable. The results show that perception and readability of environment, directly affected by 0.271, and an indirect effect of 0.258, will lead to the attachment of residents in residential complexes. The proximity of the direct and indirect effect of this component indicates the importance of this factor. Because both alone and in combination with other variables and facilitating their performance, it plays a significant role in enhancing the outdoor efficiency of the residential complex and, consequently, increasing residents' spatial attachment. Activity and communication can make people more connected to the outdoor complex of the residential complex and lead to emotional communication with the environment and lead to the attachment of residents. Also, context and layout is another factor that directly affects 0.326 and an indirect effect of 0.059 on attachment. Environmental well-being has a direct impact of 0.164 and an indirect impact factor of 0.075, which is less effective than other factors. Conclusion: The present study results show that the functional efficiency of open spaces of residential complexes affects the degree of residents' attachment to the place. Structuring shows that the perception and readability of the environment is the most critical predictor factor in improving performance efficiency and, consequently, increasing the level of residents' attachment to the place. Users have reported the activities and communication of people with each other and in interaction with the open space, layout, and context, and environmental welfare and comfort as other practical components in this field.